Experiments have shown that bamboo-based agroforestry has an important role in enhancing productivity, sustainability, and resource conservation and is technically and economically feasible in India under different agroecological conditions.

In this context, there has been an emphasis on the cultivation of bamboo in private lands by the National Bamboo Mission as block plantations or boundary plantations, or agro-forestry trails.

It has been proven that crops like soybean, pigeon pea, ginger, turmeric, etc., can be profitably grown with different bamboo species. The species like Dendrocalamus stocksii have wide acceptance in tropical home gardens in peninsular India and especially in a few villages of Maharashtra, cultivation of this species is a major source of income and livelihood. Agro-forestry experimental trials were started for D. stocksii at FRC Velupadam by intercropping fruit trees, Curcuma etc. This species has immense potential in Kerala and can be cultivated in homesteads, and farm and community lands as live fences and/or block plantations along with traditional crops.